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Outcome-based budgeting is a comprehensive approach that considers the inputs, outputs, and outcomes to be achieved with public funds.

The COVID-19 pandemic shows the importance of real-time learning in adapting interventions to an uncertain and rapidly changing situation.

Explore equity, quasi-equity, and other non-debt assistance and structural reforms to protect small businesses from COVID-19 and other shocks.

Nutrition-specific interventions should target the first 1,000 days, promote behavioral change, and focus on the most vulnerable.

In Indonesia, a rating system encourages companies to step up efforts in controlling water pollution.

Proactive government policies and strong institutions help reduce the human and economic costs of COVID-19.  

The availability of insurance for high-risk projects gives investors the confidence to pursue green investments.

Upskilling through TVET and STEM education can help prepare female workers for the automation of apparel manufacturing in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 

Invest in innovative and bankable projects to support healthy oceans and resilient, sustainable blue economy sectors.

This piece discusses how central banks can take the lead in addressing climate-related risks in the finance sector.